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Please log in to access our additional functions. Yes, let me download! Exclusive Corporate feature. Corporate Account. Statista Accounts: Access All Statistics. Basic Account. You only have access to basic statistics. Single Account. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. Corporate solution including all features. Photo Credit: Sharon McCutcheon. Additional points in the Data Sheet include: India is projected to have the greatest absolute increase in population size of any country between and , while China, Thailand, and Ukraine are among the 39 countries and territories projected to have smaller populations by ; China is currently the most populous country, with 1.
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Sign up. JAMA Netw. Open 4 , e PubMed Article Google Scholar. Lutz, W. Google Scholar. Vollset, S. Lancet , — Gietel-Basten, S. Marivoet, W. Lu, X. Natl Acad. USA , — Download references. Article 27 OCT News Feature 10 NOV World View 02 NOV Career Feature 25 OCT Correspondence 09 NOV Francis Crick Institute. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Advanced search. Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature.
Illustration by Karol Banach. You have full access to this article via your institution. Download PDF. References 1. PubMed Article Google Scholar 3. Google Scholar 4. PubMed Article Google Scholar 5. Google Scholar 7. Society Caltech confronted its racist past. Close banner Close. Email address Sign up. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. The phenomenon carries forward for several generations and is called population momentum or population lag effect.
The time lag effect is of great importance to human population growth rates. The state policy institutes and international population studies are closely monitoring how reproductive patterns cause immigrant generations globally. Although recent data show that birth rates in the UK have increased Office of National Statistics, , this is predominantly due to immigration so there are still serious concerns about long term replacement. There are two potential means of addressing the problem of providing a young productive workforce able to generate income to provide the social care for the old and infirm.
The first is to find ways of increasing the birth rate; this is essentially a long term solution but one which should provide more steady and predictable results. The second is to encourage immigration of a predominantly young and skilled workforce; this may provide an instant answer to the problem but is likely to be short-term unless the immigrants decide to stay in large numbers.
In the long term it is doubtful whether reliance should be placed on immigration to solve an intrinsic societal problem in developed nations, namely a falling birth rate.
The declining birth rate is not unique to Britain and Western European countries. Countries like Japan have a similar concern. There are several factors such as lifestyle factors, an increase in sexually transmitted diseases, rise in obesity and environmental factors involved in urbanisation and urban lifestyle that are affecting fertility and have led to rise in male and female subfertility.
In addition there are socio-economic factors that have led to women and couples delaying having children. It can be argued that women now contribute more to the total workforce and social welfare agenda tax and national insurance than ever before and deserve to get reproductive benefits from the public purse.
In parallel, it is also necessary to have a national and an international initiative for the prevention of infertility and protection of fertility. The projects will need to be focussed at the specific needs of the local population. It is necessary for governments to work in close partnership with the voluntary sector to achieve the maximum effect.
The most important project will have to address raising awareness at an individual, family, community and social level as well as at primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare level regarding factors affecting male and female fertility. A regular and open education programme for women and men would empower them with knowledge required to protect their fertility.
Furthermore, recent surveys suggest that prevention of reproductive and sexual health problems would be best achieved through education in secondary schools. It is important to plan a practical and a meaningful initial and follow-up programme for reproductive and sexual health education in secondary schools, with an aim to prevent future infertility.
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