Customs and Border Protection , "Along U. Abbott Laboratories v. Schechter Poultry Corp. Hampton Jr. Western Pacific Railroad Co. United States.
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Read more about the administrative state on Ballotpedia. To safeguard America's borders thereby protecting the public from dangerous people and materials while enhancing the Nation's global economic competitiveness by enabling legitimate trade and travel. Customs and Border Protection [7]. Executive Branch portal U. Department of Defense U. Department of State U. Department of Justice U. Department of Commerce U. Department of Labor U.
Department of Energy U. Department of the Treasury U. More was to come. And for the next years -- until that moment in when the amendment authorizing the income tax was approved -- customs remained a major source of revenue for the federal government.
Thus the Customs Service, especially in the early years of the nation, proved the truth of that profound maxim: "the revenue of the state is the state. But because no one likes to pay taxes, from the very beginning there were a good number of citizens who tried to take the law into their own hands, bending the system in the pursuit of increased profits.
Two years after the War of had begun, for example, the Governor General of Canada wrote the British foreign office in London that "two thirds of the army in Canada are at this moment eating beef provided by American contractors, drawn principally from the states of New York and Vermont.
Although Customs seized some of the contraband, its task was obviously impossible. The reality is that with a small number of inspectors, thousands of miles of hard-to-protect borders, and unscrupulous entrepreneurs willing to fill almost any demand, the Customs Service has always been something of an underdog. These inherent conflicts, and the vast profits to be realized from contraband, have meant that the Customs Service has been required to wage an almost continuous battle against corruption.
While the adoption of the income tax in World War One would lessen some of these pressures, the national ban on the sale of liquor during most of the s-- Prohibition -- created an economic dynamic in which businessmen and gangsters serving a thirsty nation were all too willing to set aside some of their vast profits to assure that those guarding the borders looked the other way.
When the nation's war on drugs picked up steam during the Nixon, Reagan, Bush and Clinton administrations, drug organizations from every corner of the world presented a new challenge to the integrity of enforcement officials at all levels of government. Records of laboratory tests of sugars, alcohols, drugs, and patent medicines, Textual Records: Records of the Management Analysis Division, including monthly reports of marine activity, ; of entry invoices examined, ; and of transactions, Quarterly liquidation reports, Statistical reports for the Virgin Islands, Records of the Public Information Division, including speeches, ; press releases, ; and interviews, Maps 40 items : Survey maps of the st meridian from the Arctic Ocean to Mt.
Architectural and Engineering Plans 59 items : Inspection stations located at border crossings of the United States, Mexico, and Canada, Textual Records: Administrative and chronological files of the Office of Planning and Research, Entrances and clearances of vessels engaged in foreign trade, General correspondence of the Air Security Division, Records relating to the Customs Cooperation Council, , and to international customs agreements, Closed investigation case files of the Division of Appraisement Administration, Textual Records: Marine documents, , including surrendered copies of registers, enrollments, and licenses of inactive merchant vessels.
Transcripts of passenger arrival lists, Index to passenger arrivals at all ports except New York, History: Customs collection districts were established in more than coastal, river, Great Lakes, and inland ports by the act establishing the Customs Service 1 Stat.
In , a single district was established in each state and territory, with a customhouse at the headquarters port of each district. Customs collectors were responsible for collecting duties; recording financial transactions; admeasuring and documenting merchant vessels; administering customhouses and, until , lighthouses; collecting and accounting for funds for marine hospitals; and, until , administering revenue cutters.
Captains of vessels arriving at U. Upon occasion the collector acted as the depository for federal funds and collected taxes for the Bureau of Internal Revenue. Note: Many of the records described below are candidates for transfer to regional archives, but are being held in the Washington, DC, area until extensive preservation work has been performed on them. Please consult the National Archives to determine current location.
Textual Records: Records, including letters sent and received; records of entrances and clearances of vessels; cargo manifests; impost books; journals and logbooks of privateer vessels; passenger lists and abstracts; crew lists; records relating to warehousing, drawbacks, and nonintercourse and embargo bonds; hospital accounts and returns; wreck reports; reports of seizures; fishing agreements and journals; shipping articles; records relating to revenue cutters and to the revenue marine; and vessel documentation files, of customhouses and customs districts in the following locations:.
Jacksonville St. Karluk, AK, ca. Augustine, FL, and in Atlanta ; St. Louis, MO, ; St. Marks, FL, ; St. Admeasurement case files, Mobile, AL, items.
Finding Aids: Elmer W.
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