The burner consists of a flat base with a straight tube extending vertically, known as the barrel or chimney. Natural gas predominantly methane or a liquified petroleum gas such as propane or butane is supplied at the bottom of the chimney.
Bunsen burners are normally fitted with a hose barb at the base of the chimney to allow rubber tubing to supply the gas from a gas nozzle on the laboratory bench.
There may also be a gas value on the Bunsen burner. The other critical component of a Bunsen burner is the air hole. Now begin turning the collar counterclockwise. As the collar opens, two distinctive flames appear. The blue outer flame is hotter than the safety flame and makes no noise. This flame can be difficult to see, so be careful when the burner is in this state.
The blue inner flame burns the hottest, particularly at the tip. Once you have adjusted the collar to get the flame at the desired temperature, open or close the needle valve to increase the size of the flame or close it to make it smaller.
Metal instruments sometimes need to be quickly sterilized before use or between steps of an experiment. Metal spatulas and inoculation loops, for example, are frequently sterilized between bacterial samples. Scissors and forceps can be dipped into alcohol and then flamed for rapid sterilization before surgery. Glass instruments, such as serological pipettes, are also frequently briefly flame-sterilized before and between each use.
The Bunsen burner flame can be used to help maintain a sterile field around the openings of experimental containers. By briefly flaming the neck of the container a heat, or convection, current is created. Convection currents also serve to lift particulates in the air away from the experimental area, so the Bunsen Burner helps to keep the area around the experiment, sterile. For microscopy, glass slides are sometimes passed through a Bunsen burner flame to remove any dust particles before samples are mounted.
One interesting application of the Bunsen Burner is using heat to modify glass and metal tools. For example, this thin glass rod is being carefully heated and then bent while the glass is still hot to make a bacterial culture spreader.
Bunsen burner flames can also be used for pulling pipettes, bending pipettes, polishing glass capillary tubes , making glass dissection needles, and sealing a wire pick into a glass pipette.
In this video we reviewed: what a bunsen burner is and how it works, how to adjust a Bunsen burner flame, some safety concerns, and some different applications of your Bunsen burner. Thanks for watching, and remember, only you can prevent laboratory fires! Subscription Required.
Please recommend JoVE to your librarian. General Laboratory Techniques. Introduction to the Bunsen Burner. Along with the University Mechanic, Peter Desaga, he designed a burner was hot, sootless and mixed air and gas before combustion.
It has been an essential part of laboratory life ever since. Before using the Bunsen burner, familiarise yourself with the parts. This diagram shows the labelled parts of the Bunsen burner.
A Bunsen burner is a cornerstone item in Science education and can be used in a myriad of experiments across all Scientific disciplines. Take a look at our fractional distillation experiment to demonstrate how useful, everyday fuels, gases and oils can be separated out from crude petroleum. The Philip Harris specialist team are here to help with any technical questions you have about Bunsen burners, or any other support you need.
Call them on or e-mail techsupport philipharris. Chemical Analysis. Test Papers. Forensic Science. Prepared Slides. Environmental Science. Field Studies. Atomic Structure. Data Logging. Mini Loggers. Electronic Kits. Science Detectives. Burners are also used in the Beilsten test for halogens Figure 1.
They may also be used in sublimations. Burners come in several different forms. The common Bunsen burner is six inches tall and has two models differing in how the gas and air are adjusted a Bunsen burner is in Figure 1. Small burners microburners, Figure 1. Lisa Nichols Butte Community College.
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